REFERENCE ONLY: The Literary Heritage of the Arabs samples some of the finest literature produced by Arab writers in the last 1500 years. The selection of poetry and prose spans many genres and styles, conveying the full range of Arab experiences and perspectives from the tragic to the comic, the wistful to the mystical, the courtly to the lowly, and the Arab East to Andalusia. The reader of this anthology will become aware of the extent to which this vibrant and distinctive literary heritage has always been both receptive to the currents from neighbouring cultures and influential in the evolution of other literary traditions, in South Asia, Western Europe and beyond. Thus, the reader will discover, behind local colours and different literary conventions, our common humanity. Writers included are Adonis, Fudwa Tuqan, al-Ghazzali, Ibn Arabi, Ibn Battuta, Ibn Khaldun, Kahlil Gibran, Mahmoud Darwish, al-Mutanabbi, Naguib Mahfouz, Nizar Qabbani, Salma al-Khadra al-Jayyusi and Taha Hussein.